期刊
ANNUAL REVIEW OF IMMUNOLOGY, VOL 30
卷 30, 期 -, 页码 707-731出版社
ANNUAL REVIEWS
DOI: 10.1146/annurev-immunol-020711-075058
关键词
cytokine; transcription factor; epigenome; next-generation sequencing; genome-wide
类别
资金
- Intramural NIH HHS [Z99 AR999999] Funding Source: Medline
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ARTHRITIS AND MUSCULOSKELETAL AND SKIN DISEASES [ZIAAR041167, ZIAAR041159] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
T helper cell differentiation occurs in the context of the extracellular cytokine milieu evoked by diverse microbes and other pathogenic stimuli along with T cell receptor stimulation. The culmination of these signals results in specification of T helper lineages, which occurs through the combinatorial action of multiple transcription factors that establish distinctive transcriptomes. In this manner, inducible, but constitutively active, master regulators work in conjunction with factors such as the signal transducer and activator of transcriptions (STATs) that sense the extracellular environment. The acquisition of a distinctive transcriptome also depends on chromatin modifications that impact key cis elements as well as the changes in global genomic organization. Thus, signal transduction and epigenetics are linked in these processes of differentiation. In this review, recent advances in understanding T helper lineage specification and deciphering the action of transcription factors are summarized with emphasis on comprehensive views of the dynamic T cell epigenome.
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