期刊
JOURNAL OF NANOPARTICLE RESEARCH
卷 7, 期 6, 页码 707-712出版社
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s11051-005-3141-5
关键词
research and development programs; nanoscience; nanoengineering; international survey
The worldwide investment in nanotechnology research and development (R&D) reported by national government organizations and EC has increased approximately 9-fold in the last 8 years - from $432 million in 1997 to about $4,100 million in 2005. The proportion of national government investments for: academic R&D and education are between 20% (Korea, Taiwan) and 65% (US), industrial R&D - between 5% (US) and 60% (Korea, Taiwan), and core facilities and government laboratories - about 20-25% in all major contributing economies. This evaluation uses the NNI definition of nanotechnology (that excludes MEMS or microelectronics), and is based on direct information and analysis with managers of nanotechnology R&D programs in the respective countries.
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