期刊
JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY
卷 96, 期 6, 页码 1626-1635出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2006.03673.x
关键词
amperometry; electrochemistry; neurochemical; neurotransmitter; voltammetry
资金
- NIDA NIH HHS [DA017186] Funding Source: Medline
- NIMH NIH HHS [MH001245] Funding Source: Medline
- NINDS NIH HHS [NS039787] Funding Source: Medline
L-glutamate (Glu) is the predominant excitatory neurotransmitter in the mammalian central nervous system. It plays major roles in normal neurophysiology and many brain disorders by binding to membrane-bound Glu receptors. To overcome the spatial and temporal limitations encountered in previous in vivo extracellular Glu studies, we employed enzyme-coated microelectrode arrays to measure both basal and potassium-evoked release of Glu in the anesthetized rat brain. We also addressed the question of signal identity, which is the predominant criticism of these recording technologies. In vivo self-referencing recordings demonstrated that our Glu signals were both enzyme- and voltage-dependent, supporting the identity of L-glutamate. In addition, basal Glu was actively regulated, tetrodotoxin (TTX)-dependent, and measured in the low micromolar range (approximately 2 mu m) using multiple self-referencing subtraction approaches for identification of Glu. Moreover, potassium-evoked Glu release exhibited fast kinetics that were concentration-dependent and reproducible. These data support the hypothesis that Glu release is highly regulated, requiring detection technologies that must be very close to the synapse and measure on a second-by-second basis to best characterize the dynamics of the Glu system.
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