Traditional Mexican agricultural systems and the potential impacts of transgenic varieties on maize diversity

The discovery of transgenes in maize landraces in Mexico, a center of diversity for this crop, raises questions about the potential impact of transgene diffusion on maize diversity. The concept of diversity and farmers' role in maintaining diversity is quite complex. Farmers' behavior is expected to have a significant influence on causing transgenes to diffuse, to be expressed differently, and to accumulate within landraces. Farmers' or consumers' perceptions that transgenes are contaminants and that landraces containing transgenes are contaminated could cause these landraces to be rejected and trigger a direct loss of diversity.