期刊
ADDICTION REVIEWS 2
卷 1187, 期 -, 页码 184-207出版社
WILEY-BLACKWELL
DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.05275.x
关键词
opiate and cocaine addiction; genetics of drug addiction; epigenetics; pharmacogenetics; allele-specific gene expression; molecular haplotyping
资金
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF MENTAL HEALTH [R01MH079880] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON DRUG ABUSE [P60DA005130] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NIDA NIH HHS [P60 DA005130] Funding Source: Medline
- NIMH NIH HHS [MH-79880, R01 MH079880] Funding Source: Medline
- PHS HHS [P60-05130] Funding Source: Medline
Addiction to opiates and illicit use of psychostimulants is a chronic, relapsing brain disease that, if left untreated, can cause major medical, social, and economic problems. This article reviews recent progress in studies of association of gene variants with vulnerability to develop opiate and cocaine addictions, focusing primarily on genes of the opioid and monoaminergic systems. In addition, we provide the first evidence of a cis-acting polymorphism and a functional haplotype in the PDYN gene, of significantly higher DNA methylation rate of the OPRMI gene in the lymphocytes of heroin addicts, and significant differences in genotype frequencies of three single-nucleotide polymorphisms of the P-glycoprotein gene (ABCBI) between higher and lower methadone doses in methadone-maintained patients. In genomewide and multigene association studies, we found association of several new genes and new variants of known genes with heroin addiction. Finally, we describe the development and application of a novel technique: molecular haplotyping for studies in genetics of drug addiction.
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