期刊
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
卷 83, 期 4, 页码 905-911出版社
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/83.4.905
关键词
choline; betaine; phosphocholine; glycerophosphocholine; phosphatidylcholine; lecithin; sphingomyelin; homocysteine; methylation; Framingham Offspring Study
资金
- NCI NIH HHS [CA 108341, R03 CA108341] Funding Source: Medline
- NHLBI NIH HHS [N01HC25195, N01 HC 25195] Funding Source: Medline
- NIDDK NIH HHS [DK 55865, P30 DK056350-08, P30 DK040561, P30 DK040561-11, DK 56350, R01 DK055865, P30 DK056350, R01 DK055865-06A1] Funding Source: Medline
Background: Epidemiologic studies of choline and betaine intakes have been sparse because a food-composition database was not available until recently. The physiologic relevance of a variation in dietary choline and betaine in the general population and the validity of intake assessed by food-frequency questionnaire (FFQ) have not been evaluated. Objective: This study was conducted to examine the physiologic relevance and validity of choline and betaine intakes measured by all FFQ. Design: We examined the relations between choline and betaine intakes measured by FFQ and plasma total homocysteine (tHcy) concentrations in 1960 participants from the Framingham Offspring Study. Results: Higher intakes of dietary choline and betaine were related to lower tHcy concentrations independent of other determinants, including folate and other B vitamins. For the lowest and highest quintiles of dietary choline plus betaine, the multivariate geometric means for tHcy were 10.9 and 9.9 mu mol/L (P for trend < 0.0001). The inverse association was manifested primarily in participants with low folate intakes (P for interaction < 0.0001). Among participants with folate intakes <= 250 mu g/d, the geometric mean tHcy concentrations in the lowest and highest quintiles of choline plus betaine intakes were 12.4 and 10.2 mu mol/L (P for trend < 0.0001). Except for choline from phosphatidylcholine, individual forms of choline were inversely associated with tHcy concentrations. Conclusions: Our findings provide support for a physiologically important variation in choline and betaine intakes in the general population a-nd for the validity of intake measured by FFQ.
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