期刊
SMALL
卷 2, 期 4, 页码 561-568出版社
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/smll.200500331
关键词
actuators; nanowires; photoluminescence; piezoelectrics; template synthesis
Spatially separated ZnO pillars, typically 300 nm in diameter and 2 mu m in height, are fabricated via a template-directed approach that leads to long-range hexagonal order. The templates of Au nanodisk arrays are obtained by using metal membranes as a lithography mask. The growth of ZnO pillars is performed in a double-tube system through vapor diffusion-deposition. The growth mechanism of the pillars is studied in detail and is proposed to be a combination of vapor-liquid-solid and vapor-solid models. The piezoelectric and optical properties of single pillars are characterized using piezoresponse force microscopy and micro-photoluminescence spectroscopy, respectively. The pillars show strong excitonic emissions up to room temperature, which indicate a relatively low defect density and good crystalline quality. The obtained piezoelectric coefficient d(33) is (7.5 +/- 0.6) pm V-1, which is to our knowledge the first reported value for a single nanopillar.
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