期刊
JOURNAL OF INORGANIC BIOCHEMISTRY
卷 100, 期 4, 页码 679-693出版社
ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2005.12.017
关键词
superoxide dismutase; superoxide reductase; rubrerythrin; diiron peroxidase
资金
- NIGMS NIH HHS [GM 040388] Funding Source: Medline
The Fenton or Fenton-type reaction between aqueous ferrous ion and hydrogen peroxide generates a highly oxidizing species, most often formulated as hvdroxvl radical or ferryl ([Fe-IV=O](2+)). Intracellular Fenton-type chemistry can be lethal if not controlled. Nature has, therefore, evolved enzymes to scavenge superoxide and hydrogen peroxide, the reduced dioxygen species that initiate intracellular Fenton-type chemistry. Two such enzymes found predominantly in air-sensitive bacteria and archaea, superoxide reductase (SOR) and rubrerythrin (Rbr), functioning as a peroxidase (hydrogen peroxide reductase), contain non-heme iron. The iron coordination spheres in these enzyrmes contain five or six protein ligands from His and Gin residues, and, in the case of SOR, a Cys residue. SOR contains a mononuclear active site that is designed to protonate and rapidly expel peroxide generated as a product of the enzymatic reaction. The ferrous SOR reacts adventitiously but relatively slowly (several seconds to a few minutes) with exogenous hydrogen peroxide, pre-sumably in a Fenton-type reaction. The diferrous active site of Rbr reacts more rapidly with hydrogen peroxide but can divert Fenton-type reactions towards the two-electron reduction of hydrogen peroxide to water. Proximal aromatic residues may function as radical sinks for Fenton-generated oxidants. Fenton-initiated damage to these iron active sites may become apparent only under extremely oxidizing intracellular conditions. (c) 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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