期刊
JOURNAL OF PERSONALITY AND SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY
卷 90, 期 4, 页码 644-651出版社
AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC
DOI: 10.1037/0022-3514.90.4.644
关键词
group problem solving; group size; intellective tasks
Individuals and groups of 2, 3, 4, or 5 people solved 2 letters-to-numbers problems that required participants, on each trial, to identify the coding of 10 letters to 10 numbers by proposing an equation in letters, receiving the answer in letters, proposing a hypothesis, and receiving feedback on the correctness of the hypothesis. Groups of 3, 4, and 5 people proposed more complex equations and had fewer trials to solution than the best of an equivalent number of individuals. Groups of 3, 4, and 5 people had fewer trials to solution than 2-person groups but did not differ from each other. These results suggest that 3-person groups are necessary and sufficient to perform better than the best individuals on highly intellective problems.
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