期刊
INTERNATIONAL ARCHIVES OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH
卷 79, 期 4, 页码 268-282出版社
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s00420-005-0055-6
关键词
chemical exposure; smell; psychophysics; occupational medicine; UPSIT
资金
- NIA NIH HHS [R01 AG 27496] Funding Source: Medline
- NIDCD NIH HHS [R01 DC 02974, R01 DC 04278] Funding Source: Medline
Objectives: To provide an overview of practical means for quantitatively assessing the sense of smell in both the clinic and workplace. To address basic measurement issues, including those of test sensitivity, specificity, and reliability. To describe and discuss factors that influence olfactory function, including airborne toxins commonly found in industrial settings. Methods: Selective review and discussion. Results: A number of well-validated practical threshold and suprathreshold tests are available for assessing smell function. The reliability, sensitivity, and specificity of such techniques vary, being influenced by such factors as test length and type. Numerous subject factors, including age, sex, health, medications, and exposure to environmental toxins, particularly heavy metals, influence the ability to smell. Conclusions: Modern advances in technology, in conjunction with better occupational medicine practices, now make it possible to reliably monitor and limit occupational exposures to hazardous chemicals and their potential adverse influences on the sense of smell. Quantitative olfactory testing is critical to establish the presence or absence of such adverse influences, as well as to (a) detect malingering, (b) establish disability compensation, and (c) monitor function over time.
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