期刊
NUTRITION METABOLISM AND CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES
卷 16, 期 4, 页码 294-301出版社
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2005.08.005
关键词
obesity; children; adolescents; energy intake; food composition; eating patterns
Obesity is the result of an imbalance between energy intake and energy expenditure. Controversial information exists about what are the strongest energy balance aspects influencing body fatness. This article is focused on food consumption facts that could be related to the risk of being obese in children and adolescents. It reviews whether energy intake, macronutrient composition of diet, eating patterns or other dietary intake factors are able to explain differences in body composition when obesity has been already developed or even in subjects at risk to become obese. There is not enough evidence to clarify the importance of diet on overweight children and adolescents, and conclusions derived are somewhat controversial. Cross-sectional and longitudinal studies do not show clear relationships between energy intake or food composition and body fatness. To find relations between dietary factors and childhood obesity perhaps eating patterns or different types of foods must be considered: meat patterns and meat frequency, snacking and beverage consumption, fast food intake, portion sizes, etc. There is no clear association between different aspects of dietary intake and the development of obesity in children and adolescents. Longitudinal and experimental studies are needed in the future. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All. rights reserved.
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