Spontaneous transformation of CdTe nanoparticles into angled Te nanocrystals: From particles and rods to checkmarks, X-marks, and other unusual shapes

CdTe nanoparticles spontaneously transform into the branched Te nanocrystals with the unique, highly anisotropic shape of checkmarks after partial removal of the stabilizers of L-cysteine. The Te checkmarks are made in a relatively high yield and uniformity; the length of the arms is ca. 150 nm, whereas the angle between the arms is 74 degrees. Subsequent growth of the particle yields mothlike nanocrystals retaining geometrical anisotropy. Unlike the previous synthesis methods of branched nanocrystals, they are formed via a merger of individual rod- shaped crystallites. High-energy crystal faces on their apexes act as the sticky points causing the particles to join in the ends. This is the first demonstration of spontaneous transformation of binary semiconductor particles into highly anisotropic nanocolloids in an angled conformation. The end reactivity of starting Te rods can be used both for bottom- up fabrication of nanoscale electronics and relatively safe and nontoxic method of synthesis of Te-based optical and other materials.