期刊
JOURNAL OF WATER SUPPLY RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY-AQUA
卷 55, 期 4, 页码 233-245出版社
IWA PUBLISHING
DOI: 10.2166/aqua.2006.0008
关键词
blue-green algae; chlorination; Ct; cyanobacteria; microcystin-LR; safety factor
Recently, there has been increased interest in microcystin-LR and other fresh water cyanotoxins because of their toxicity and occurrence throughout the world. Although previous studies have shown that free chlorine can degrade microcystin-LR, there are insufficient data to develop the contact times and free chlorine doses that achieve targeted levels of microcystin-LR degradation. Furthermore, there are insufficient microcystin-LR degradation data that would allow for the development of feasible microcystin-LR criteria or standards. To systematically develop this critical information, a total of 34 batch chlorination experiments were performed at different PH and toxin concentrations. For all conditions, Ct (C = chlorine chlorine doses values,, concentration, t = contact time) values required for degradation of microcystin-LR were calculated and safety factors were estimated. Twenty seven of the 34 experiments were conducted with reagent-grade water and seven of the 34 experiments were conducted with natural waters. At all PH values tested, the degradation of microcystin-LR increased with increasing Ct. For Ct values usually observed in drinking water treatment, a 1-log degradation of microcystin-LR in reagent-grade water was observed only at PH 6.0. The results also suggest that the Ct values obtained from reagent-gradewater experiments are appropriate for application to natural waters that have been subjected to conventional coagulation, flocculation, sedimentation, and filtration prior to chlorine addition.
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