Endoglin expression is associated with poor oncologic outcome in oral and oropharyngeal carcinoma

Conclusions. The present preliminary results suggest that endoglin (CD105)-assessed micro-vessel density (MVD) in primary oral and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) may identify patients at risk of disease recurrence or poor oncological outcome after treatment. Objectives. MVD is an independent prognostic indicator in several human malignancies. Endoglin antibodies have shown a greater specificity for tumour vasculature in comparison with panendothelial markers. The present explorative study evaluated endoglin expression and its prognostic role in oral and oropharyngeal SCCs. Patients and methods. The study considered 13 consecutive cases of oral and oropharyngeal SCC with lymph node metastases (pN+) and 13 consecutive pN0 cases. CD105-assessed MVD was calculated at 400 x magnification. Results. The mean MVDs were 3.6 and 3.1 in pN+ and pN0 groups, respectively (p > 0.05). The mean CD105-assessed MVDs were 4.7 in the group with locoregional recurrence and 2.9 in the group without locoregional recurrence or post-treatment diagnosis of distant metastasis (p = 0.01). The mean CD105-assessed MVD in primary oral and oropharyngeal SCCs with poor oncological outcome (recurrence of disease or occurrence of distant metastasis) was 4.3. The mean MVD in primary oral and oropharyngeal SCCs with good outcome was 2.9. Statistical analysis showed a significant difference between CD105-assessed MVD in poor and good outcome groups (p = 0.02).