期刊
NUTRITIONAL NEUROSCIENCE
卷 9, 期 3-4, 页码 179-187出版社
TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
DOI: 10.1080/10284150600955172
关键词
cognition; learning; memory; macronutrients; dietary intake; NHANES III
Primary objective: The objective was to examine whether dietary intakes of macronutrients are associated with neuropsychological performance. Research design and method: Study participants were 3960 adults aged 20-59 years, who completed three neuropsychological tests and a 24-hour dietary recall as a part of the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988-1994. Poor performance was defined as the test score below gender-specific 15th percentile. Main outcomes and results: While holding the energy percentages from different macronutrients, additional 100 kcal intake of energy was associated with a reduced odds of poor performance on serial digital learning test (OR = 0.98,95%CI = 0.96,0.99) and symbol digital substitution test (OR = 0.97, 95%CI = 0.96, 0.99). Compared with equivalent energy from carbohydrates, each 5% of energy from poly-unsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) or total fat was associated with a reduced OR of poor performance on simple reaction time test (PUFA: OR = 0.77, 95%CI = 0.63-0.95 and total fat: OR = 0.93, 95%CI = 0.87, 0.99). Poor global cognition was associated with an additional intake of 100 mg cholesterol (OR = 1.14, 95%CI = 1.05, 1.23). These associations were more salient in men. Conclusion: Habitual intake of macronutrients is weakly but significantly associated with cognitive functioning. These relationships are more evident in men.
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