A common phosphotyrosine signature for the Bcr-Abl kinase

The Bcr-AbI fusion kinase drives oncogenesis in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). CML patients are currently treated with the AbI tyrosine kinase inhibitor imatinib, which is effective in early stages of the disease. However, resistance to imatinib arises in later disease stages primarily because of a Bcr-Abl mutation. To gain deeper insight into Bcr-AbI signaling pathways, we generated phosphotyrosine profiles for 6 cell lines that represent 3 Bcr-AbI fusion types by using immunoaffinity purification of tyrosine phosphopeptides followed by tandem mass spectrometry. We identified 188 nonredundant tyrosine-phosphorylated sites, 77 of which are novel. By comparing the profiles, we found a number of phosphotyrosine sites common to the 6 cell lines regardless of cellular background and fusion type, several of which are decreased by imatinib treatment. Comparison of this Bcr-AbI signature with the profile of cells expressing an alternative imatinib-sensitive fusion kinase, FIP1L1-PDGF alpha, revealed that these kinases signal through different pathways. This phosphoproteomic study of the Bcr-AbI fusion kinase highlights novel disease markers and potential drug-responsive biomarkers and adds novel insight into the oncogenic signals driven by the Bcr-AbI kinase.