Significance of serum IgA in patients with acute hepatitis E virus infection

Aim: To study the significance of serum anti-hepatitis E virus (HEV) IgA in patients with hepatitis E. Methods: A new method was established to assay anti-HEV IgA, which could be detected in the middle phase of the infection. We compared anti-HEV IgA assay with anti-HEV IgM and anti-HEV IgG assay in sera from 60 patients with positive HEV-RNA. Results: The 60 patients with positive HEV-RNA had both anti-HEV IgA and anti-HEV IgM and 410 patients with negative HEV-RNA were used as control. Periodic serum samples obtained from 60 patients with hepatitis E were tested for HEV RNA, anti-HEV IgM, anti-HEV IgA and anti-HEV IgG. Their HEV-RNA was detectable in the serum until 20 +/- 11 d. We used anti-HEV IgM and anti-HEV IgA assay to detect HEV infection and positive results Were found in 90 +/- 15 d and 120 +/- 23 d respectively, the positive rate of anti-HEV IgA was higher than that of anti-HEV IgM and HEV-RNA (P<0.05). Conclusion: The duration of anti-HEV IgA in serum is longer than that of anti-HEV IgM, and anti-HEV IgA assay is a good method to detect HEV infection. (C) 2006 The WJG Press. All rights reserved.