期刊
PROGRESS IN NEURO-PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY & BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
卷 30, 期 5, 页码 797-814出版社
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2006.01.006
关键词
brain evolution; mirror neurons; phenomenology; psychosis; schizophrenia; social brain; social cognition; theory of mind
The plethora of varied and often conflictual research evidence on the functional psychoses calls for a unifying explanatory framework. An evolutionary framework is appropriate in view of the paradoxical epidemiology of the disorders. Evolutionary models that rely on balanced polymorphism or group selection models are not supported by the evidence. Rather, a hypothesis is presented arguing that the spectram of psychoses should be regarded as a costly by-product of social brain evolution in Homo sapiens. Under social selective pressures, hommid ancestors evolved a sophisticated neural network supporting social cognition and adaptive interpersonal behaviour - this is termed the 'social brain'. The functional psychoses (and schizophrenia in particular) are characterised by functional and structural deficits in these fronto-temporal and fronto-parietal circuits; hence the epithet 'social brain disorders' is fitting. I argue that accumulating evidence for an evolved social brain calls for a new philosophy of mind; a philosophy focussed on the social and interpersonal nature of human experience and derived from the philosophies of Fromm, Heidegger and Merleau-Ponty. Such a paradigm shift would aid modem neuroscience in finally abandoning Cartesian dualism and would guide psychiatry towards an integrated and 'socio-neurologically' embedded understanding of mental disorders. (c) 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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