期刊
ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY
卷 74, 期 3, 页码 382-390出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/ana.24002
关键词
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资金
- Sircar-Dynan Fund
- Simons Foundation
- Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research
- NIH National Institute of Neurological Diseases and Stroke [R01 NS079277, RO1 NS032457, R01 NS035129]
- NIH National Institute of Mental Health [RO1 MH083565, 1RC2MH089952]
Intellectual disability is common and is associated with significant morbidity. Until the latter half of the 20th century, there were no efficacious treatments. Following initial breakthroughs associated with newborn screening and metabolic corrections, little progress was made until recently. With improved understanding of genetic and cellular mechanisms, novel treatment options are beginning to appear for a number of specific conditions. Fragile X and tuberous sclerosis offer paradigms for the development of targeted therapeutics, but advances in understanding of other disorders such as Down syndrome and Rett syndrome, for example, are also resulting in promising treatment directions. In addition, better understanding of the underlying neurobiology is leading to novel developments in enzyme replacement for storage disorders and adjunctive therapies for metabolic disorders, as well as potentially more generalizable approaches that target dysfunctional cell regulation via RNA and chromatin. Physiologic therapies, including deep brain stimulation and transcranial magnetic stimulation, offer yet another direction to enhance cognitive functioning. Current options and evolving opportunities for the intellectually disabled are reviewed and exemplified. Ann Neurol 2013;74:382-390
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