期刊
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH
卷 1763, 期 7, 页码 737-746出版社
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2006.05.001
关键词
copper scarcity; copper importers; Ctr1B; copper load; metallothioneins; copper detoxification; MTF-1
The transition metal copper is an essential trace element for both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. However, intracellular free copper has to be strictly limited due to its toxic side effects, not least the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) via redox cycling. Thus, all organisms have sophisticated copper homeostasis mechanisms that regulate uptake, distribution, sequestration and export of copper. From insects to mammals, metal-responsive transcription factor (MTF-1), a zinc finger transcription factor, controls expression of metallothioneins and other components involved in heavy metal homeostasis. In the fruit fly Drosophila, MTF-1 paradoxically acts as an activator under both high and low copper concentrations. Namely, under high copper conditions, MTF-1 activates metallothioneins in order to protect the cell, while under low copper conditions MTF-1 activates the copper importer Ctr1B in order to acquire scarce copper from the surroundings. This review highlights the current knowledge of copper homeostasis in eukaryotes with a focus on Drosophila and the role of MTF-1. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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