期刊
TOPICS IN CATALYSIS
卷 38, 期 1-3, 页码 141-145出版社
SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
DOI: 10.1007/s11244-006-0079-5
关键词
point defects; catalysis; acid-base activity; redox activity; electrocatalysis
Three examples are revisited in which the reaction rate could be reliably correlated with point defect chemistry highlighting the role of point defects as acid-base active centers. In the case of dehydrohalogenation of tertiary butyl chloride, AgCl becomes increasingly active as heterogeneous catalyst, if AgCl is homogeneously or heterogeneously doped. By such a procedure the silver vacancy concentration is adequately increased. The oxygen incorporation into SrTiO3 offers an example in which the surface mechanism in terms of adsorbed species, oxygen vacancies and electronic centers has been elucidated. Appropriate surface coatings give rise to significant catalytic effects. Increasing iron (acceptor) doping not only changes the point defect chemistry but also the nature of the rate determining step. Lastly, the electrocatalytic function of Sr-doped LaMnO3 is considered as regards oxygen reduction reaction and O2- incorporation into Y-doped ZrO2 in the context of solid oxide fuel cells. Again the defect chemistry is of prime importance for the reaction rate.
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