Intravenous adenosine for refractory pulmonary hypertension in a low-weight premature newborn: A potential new drug for rescue therapy

Objectives: To use intravenous adenosine as a rescue therapy for neonatal refractory pulmonary hypertension in a low-weight premature infant. Study Line: We report the successful use of a continuous intravenous adenosine infusion in a 1150-g premature baby with severe persistent pulmonary hypertension, refractory to classic management with high-frequency oscillatory ventilation, oxygen therapy and inhaled nitric oxide. Results: Adenosine infusion had a dramatic effect allowing for a rapid weaning of oxygen, ventilatory variables, and nitric oxide. Conclusions: Although experience with continuous adenosine infusion is still at an early stage, it might be worth considering its administration as a rescue therapy or even as an alternative to extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.