期刊
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
卷 103, 期 28, 页码 10618-10623出版社
NATL ACAD SCIENCES
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0604511103
关键词
kinase; systems biology; phosphorylation; PER; degradation
资金
- NCI NIH HHS [P30 CA042014, P30CA42014] Funding Source: Medline
- NIGMS NIH HHS [R01 GM060387] Funding Source: Medline
Biological clocks with a period of approximate to 24 h (circadian) exist in most organisms and time a variety of functions, including sleep-wake cycles, hormone release, bioluminescence, and core body temperature fluctuations. Much of our understanding of the clock mechanism comes from the identification of specific mutations that affect circadian behavior. A widely studied mutation in casein kinase I (CKI), the CKI epsilon(tau) mutant, has been shown to cause a loss of kinase function in vitro, but it has been difficult to reconcile this loss of function with the current model of circadian clock function. Here we show that mathematical modeling predicts the opposite, that the kinase mutant CKI epsilon(tau) increases kinase activity, and we verify this prediction experimentally. CKI epsilon(tau) is a highly specific gain-of-function mutation that increases the in vivo phosphorylation and degradation of the circadian regulators PER1 and PER2. These findings experimentally validate a mathematical modeling approach to a complex biological function, clarify the role of CKI in the clock, and demonstrate that a specific mutation can be both a gain and a loss of function depending on the substrate.
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