期刊
GEOMORPHOLOGY
卷 77, 期 3-4, 页码 207-216出版社
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.geomorph.2006.01.005
关键词
biogeomorphology; complexity; multiple causality; attractors; ecosystem engineers
The interaction of geomorphic and ecologic landscape components has been largely conceptualized as independent. In one direction, geomorphic processes and landforms shape the distribution of biota. Conversely, in the other direction, biota modify geomorphic processes and landforms. Increasingly, the interactions between geomorphic and ecological components are more circular and developmentally intertwined. In this paper, I integrate these two independent perspectives within the framework of complexity theory. I outline four themes that characterize complex systems in biogeomorphology: multiple causality and the concept of recursivity, the influence of organisms that function as ecosystem engineers, the expression of an ecological topology, and ecological memory. Implicit in all of these themes is the recognition that biogeomorphic systems are open and path dependent. They may exhibit a range of assembly states, from self-reinforcing stability domains to more transient configurations of organisms and environment. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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