Catalyzed reactions of alkynes in water

This review summarizes the catalytic organic reactions of alkynes in aqueous media. The aqueous version of the alkyne reactions gives new reactivities, is environmentally friendly, and has broard applications in all areas of chemistry and materials science. 1 Introduction 2 Reaction of sp Carbon-Hydrogen Bonds 2.1 Reaction with Halides 2.2 Reaction with Imines 2.3 Reaction with Carbonyl Compounds 2.4 Conjugate Addition 2.5 Alkyne-Alkyne Coupling 3 Reaction of Carbon-Carbon Triple Bonds 3.1 Hydration 3.2 Hydroalkoxylation 3.3 Hydroamination 3.4 Hydrometalation 3.5 Arylation 3.6 Alkylation 3.7 Carbonylation 3.8 Other Reactions 4 Cyclization 4.1 [3+2] 1,3-Dipolar Cyclization 4.2 [4+2] Cyclization 4.3 Enyne Cyclization 4.4 [2+2+2] Cyclotrimerization 4.5 Hetero-[2+2+2] Cyclotrimerization 4.6 Pauson-Khand-Type Reaction 4.7 Other Cyclizations 5 Conclusion