Mangroves mitigate tsunami damage: A further response

This is a contribution to the discussion on the potential mitigating effect of mangroves to tsunami damage. Kathiresan and Rajendran (2005) were criticised by Kerr et al. (2006). We re-analysed of the original data with an ANOVA-model with covariates. We conclude: (a) the original conclusion of Kathiresan and Rajendran (2005) holds, mortality and property loss were less behind mangroves, and literature suggests that this can be generalised beyond the investigated area; (b) relocation of human settlements I km inland is not practical, instead a combination of societal preparedness with early warning and disaster response systems is to be prefer-red. Furthermore, we deduce that mortality was most strongly, and significantly reduced with increasing elevation above mean sea level, whereas property loss was governed by distance to the shore. This could improve coastal risk assessments. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.