Short Sleep Duration is Associated with the Development of Impaired Fasting Glucose: The Western New York Health Study

PURPOSE: To examine whether sleep duration was associated with incident-impaired fasting glucose (IFG) over 6 years of follow-up in the Western New York Health Study. METHODS: Participants (N = 1,455, 68% response rate) who were free of type 2 diabetes and known cardiovascular disease at baseline (1996-2001) were reexamined in the period 2003-2004. A nested case-control study was conducted. Cases had fasting plasma glucose (FPG) less than 100 mg/dL at baseline and 100 to 125 mg/dL at follow-up: controls (n = 272) had FPG less than 100 mg/dL at both exams. Cases (n = 91) were individually matched to three controls (n 272) on sex, race, and year of study enrollment. Average sleep duration was categorized as short ( < 6 hours), mid-range (6 to 8 hours), and long ( > 8 hours). RESULTS: In multivariate conditional logistic regression after adjustment for several diabetes risk factors, the odds ratio (OR) of IFG among short sleepers was 3.0 (95% confidence limit [CL]: 1.05, 8.59) compared to mid-range sleepers. There was no association between long sleep and IFG: OR 1.6 (95% CL: 0.45, 5.42). Adjustment for insulin resistance attenuated the association only among short sleepers: OR 2.5 (95% CL: 0.83, 7.46). CONCLUSIONS: Short sleep duration was associated with an elevated risk of IFG. Insulin resistance appears to mediate this association. Ann Epidemiol 2010;20:883-889. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.