期刊
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
卷 369, 期 1-3, 页码 369-383出版社
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2006.04.033
关键词
biofilms; antimicrobials; chlorhexidine; X-ray microscopy; STXM; NEXAFS
Soft X-ray scanning transmission X-ray microscopy has been applied to map chlorhexidine, a ubiquitous antimicrobial agent, relative to major biochemical components (proteins, lipids, polysaccharides, Ca2+, K+, CO32-) in natural river biofilms. For the first 3 time, bio-accumulation of chlorhexidine in diatoms has been observed unambiguously. The quantitative results show that chlorhexidine bioaccumulated extensively in lipid-rich regions of diatoms and bacteria. Confocal laser scanning microscopy was used to document changes in the biofilm community. The bioaccumulation provides a significant entry point for chlorhexidine into the aquatic food chain. It results in modification of the biofilm community and it impacts the photosynthetic and protozoan species in particular. X-ray microscopy mapping at high spatial resolution is shown to be a powerful tool for studies of antimicrobial agents in the environment. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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