A phase I and pharmacokinetic study of temsirolimus (CCI-779) administered intravenously daily for 5 days every 2 weeks to patients with advanced cancer

Purpose: Patients with advanced cancer received temsirolimus (Torisel, CCl-779), a novel inhibitor of mammalian target of rapamycin, i.v. once daily for 5 days every 2 weeks to determine the maximum tolerated dose, toxicity profile, pharmacokinetics, and preliminary antitumor efficacy. Experimental Design: Doses were escalated in successive cohorts of patients using a conventional phase I clinical trial design. Samples of whole blood and plasma were collected to determine the pharmacokinetics of temsirolimus and sirolimus, its principal metabolite. Results: Sixty-three patients were treated with temsirolimus (0.75-24 mg/m(2)/d). The most common drug-related toxicities were asthenia, mucositis, nausea, and cutaneous toxicity. The maximum tolerated dose was 15 mg/m(2)/d for patients with extensive prior treatment because, in the 19 mg/m(2)/d cohort, two patients had dose-limiting toxicities (one with grade 3 vomiting, diarrhea, and asthenia and one with elevated transaminases) and three patients required dose reductions. For minimally pretreated patients, in the 24 mg/m(2)/d cohort, one patient developed a dose-limiting toxicity of grade 3 stomatitis and two patients required dose reductions, establishing 19 mg/m(2)/d as the maximum acceptable dose. Immunologic studies did not show any consistent trend toward immunosuppression. Temsirolimus exposure increased with dose in a less than proportional manner. Terminal half-life was 13 to 25 hours. Sirolimus-to-temsirolimus exposure ratios were 0.6 to 1.8. A patient with non-small cell lung cancer achieved a confirmed partial response, which lasted for 12.7 months, Three patients had unconfirmed partial responses; two patients had stable disease for >= 24 weeks. Conclusion: Temsirolimus was generally well tolerated on this intermittent schedule. Encouraging preliminary antitumor activity was observed.