期刊
ANNALS OF BOTANY
卷 104, 期 1, 页码 189-195出版社
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcp098
关键词
Acid stress; Al(3+); aluminium toxicity; Arabidopsis thaliana; low pH; fluorescent lifetime imaging (FLIM); lumogallion
资金
- Australian Microscopy and Microanalysis Research Facility at the Centre for Microscopy, Characterisation Analysis
- University of Western Australia
- The University, State and Commonwealth Governments
- ARC Discovery
Measuring the Al(3+) uptake rate across the plasma membrane of intact root cells is crucial for understanding the mechanisms and time-course of Al toxicity in plants. However, a reliable method with the sufficient spatial and temporal resolution to estimate Al(3+) uptake in intact root cells does not exist. In the current study, fluorescent lifetime imaging (FLIM) analysis was used to quantify Al(3+) uptake in the root-cell cytoplasm in vivo. This was performed via the estimation of the fluorescence lifetime of Al-lumogallion {5-chloro-3[(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)azo]-2-hydroxybenzenesulfonic acid} complexes and measurements of intracellular pH while exposing arabidopsis seedlings to acidic and Al(3+) stresses. The lifetime of Al-lumogallion complexes fluorescence is pH-dependent. The primary sites for Al(3+) entry are the meristem and distal elongation zones, while Al(3+) uptake via the cortex and epidermis of the mature root zone is limited. The maximum rates of Al uptake into the cytoplasm (2-3 mu mol m(-3) min(-1) for the meristematic root zone and 3-7 mu mol m(-3) min(-1) for the mature zone) were observed after a 30-min exposure to 100 mu m AlCl(3) (pH 4 center dot 2). Intracellular Al concentration increased to 0 center dot 4 mu mAl within the first 3 h of exposure to 100 mu m AlCl(3). FLIM analysis of the fluorescence of Al-lumogallion complexes can be used to reliably quantify Al uptake in the cytoplasm of intact root cells at the initial stages of Al(3+) stress.
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