期刊
RNA
卷 12, 期 10, 页码 1893-1906出版社
COLD SPRING HARBOR LAB PRESS, PUBLICATIONS DEPT
DOI: 10.1261/rna.115606
关键词
long-distance RNA interactions; translation initiation; kissing stem-loop; luteovirus; dengue virus
资金
- NIGMS NIH HHS [GM067104, R56 GM067104, R01 GM067104] Funding Source: Medline
The 3'-untranslated regions (UTRs) of a group of novel uncapped viral RNAs allow efficient translation initiation at the 5'-proximal AUG. A well-characterized model is the Barley yellow dwarf virus class of cap-independent translation elements (BTE). It facilitates translation by forming kissing stem-loops between the BTE in the 3'-UTR and a BTE-complementary loop in the 5'-UTR. Here we investigate the mechanisms of the long-distance interaction and ribosome entry on the RNA. Upstream AUGs or 5'-extensions of the 5'-UTR inhibit translation, indicating that, unlike internal ribosome entry sites in many viral RNAs, the BTE relies on 5'-end-dependent ribosome scanning. Cap-independent translation occurs when the kissing sites are moved to different regions in either UTR, including outside of the BTE. The BTE can even confer cap-independent translation when fused to the 3'-UTR of a reporter RNA harboring dengue virus sequences that cause base-pairing between the 3' and 5' ends. Thus, the BTE serves as a functional sensor to detect sequences capable of long-distance base-pairing. We propose that the kissing interaction is repeatedly disrupted by the scanning ribosome and re-formed in an oscillating process that regulates ribosome entry on the RNA.
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