N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase III antagonizes the effect of N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase V on α3β1 integrin-mediated cell migration

N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferase V (GnT-V) catalyzes the addition of beta 1,6-GlcNAc branching of N-glycans, which contributes to metastasis. N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferase III (GnT-III) catalyzes the formation of a bisecting GlcNAc structure in N-glycans, resulting in the suppression of metastasis. It has long been hypothesized that the suppression of GnT-V product formation by the action of GnT-III would also exist in vivo, which will consequently lead to the inhibition of biological functions of GnT-V. To test this, we draw a comparison among MKN45 cells, which were transfected with GnT-III, GnT-V, or both, respectively. We found that alpha 3 beta 1 integrin-mediated cell migration on laminin 5 was greatly enhanced in the case of GnT-V transfectant. This enhanced cell migration was significantly blocked after the introduction of GnT-III. Consistently, an increase in bisected GlcNAc but a decrease in beta 1,6-GlcNAc-branched N-glycans on integrin alpha 3 subunit was observed in the double transfectants of GnT-III and GnT-V. Conversely, GnT-III knockdown resulted in increased migration on laminin 5, concomitant with an increase in beta 1,6-GlcNAc-branched N-glycans on the alpha 3 subunit in CHP134 cells, a human neuroblastoma cell line. Therefore, in this study, the priority of GnT-III for the modification of the alpha 3 subunit may be an explanation for why GnT-III inhibits GnT-V-induced cell migration. Taken together, our results demonstrate for the first time that GnT-III and GnT-V can competitively modify the same target glycoprotein and furthermore positively or negatively regulate its biological functions.