Measurements of emission factors for primary carbonaceous particles from residential raw-coal combustion in China

[1] The emission factors (EFs) of particles and their carbonaceous fractions, including black carbon (BC) and organic carbon (OC), are measured for residential burning of coal-chunks. Nine types of coals with wide-ranged thermal maturities were used. Particulate emissions from coal-stove are collected on quartz fiber filters through a dilution sampling system and analyzed for BC and OC by thermal-optical method. The EFs of particulate matter, OC, and BC from bituminous coal burning are 16.77, 8.29, and 3.32 g/kg, respectively, on the basis of burned dry and ash-free (daf) coal mass. They were much higher than those of anthracites, which are 0.78, 0.04, and 0.004 g/kg, respectively. Annual emission inventories of particles, OC, and BC from household coal burning are also estimated based on the EFs and coal consumption. The results of the calculations are 917.8, 477.7, and 128.4 gigagrams (Gg) for total particles, OC, and BC emitted in China during the year 2000.