Analysis of the cycle of reproduction of Sardina pilchardus (Walbaum, 1792) off the Moroccan Atlantic coast

This work focuses on aspects of reproductive biology of Sardina pilchardus from the Atlantic coast of Morocco. The mean values of batch fecundity estimated for the species is 23 150 (+/- 1301) oocytes for a mean size of 19.5 (+/- 0.49) cm, the mean relative fecundity being 346 (+/- 7.34) oocytes per gram of female without ovary. Batch fecundity increases with total length and body weight without ovary. Sizes at first sexual maturity (L-50) are reached for males and females at 15.8 (+/- 0.29) cm and 15.8 (+/- 0.35) cm, respectively. The spawning period for the population extends between October and July and the spawning peak occurs from October to February. However, the small sardines (14.5-17 cm) in their first reproduction spawn between November and June, whereas larger fish (17.5-25 cm) spawn between October and July. The factor of condition (K) increased in summer during the sexual resting phase. It is weak in winter during the period of reproduction. Regarding, the sex ratio, there was no significant difference in the number of males and females.