Age-dependent changes in the expression of superoxide dismutases and catalase are associated with ultrastructural modifications in human granulosa cells

Limited knowledge exists about changes in follicle quality associated with age. The aim of this work was to investigate whether ageing may cause oxidative stress-mediated alterations in human granulosa cells (GCs) from periovulatory follicles. GCs employed in this study were obtained from follicular aspirates of 20 younger women (range 27-32 years) and 20 older women (range 38-41 years) undergoing an IVF treatment. Results obtained from comparative RT-PCR analysis revealed that the mean relative levels of mRNAs coding for superoxide dismutases, Cu, ZnSOD (SOD1), MnSOD (SOD2) and catalase were significantly decreased in women >= 38 years (P < 0.05, Student's t-test). These changes were associated with a reduced expression of SOD1, SOD2 and catalase at the protein level. When examined at an ultrastructural level, most of the GCs from this group showed defective mitochondria and fewer lipid droplets than those observed in the younger group. These results indicate that GCs from older patients suffer from age-dependent oxidative stress injury and are taken as an evidence for reduced defence against reactive oxygen species (ROS) in GCs during reproductive ageing.