Hyaluronic acid conjugated β-cyclodextrin-oligoethylenimine star polymer for CD44-targeted gene delivery

A new CD44-targeted gene delivery system, the star-shaped cationic polymer containing a beta-cyclodextrin (beta-CD) core and multiple branched oligoethylenimine (OEI) arms with conjugated oligomer of hyaluronic acid (HA), was synthesized by reductive amination between beta-CD-OEI star polymer and HA, and was characterized for pDNA condensation and nanoparticle formation, followed by evaluation for targeted gene delivery of luciferase reporter gene and wild type p53 gene in CD44-positive and CD44-negative cell lines. The beta-CD-OEI-HA polymer contained 6 arms of OEI (600 Da) and a short HA segment. It could fully condense pDNA to form nanoparticles with sizes ranging from 100 to 200nm at N/P ratios of 8 or higher. The conjugation of HA reduced cytotoxicity of beta-CD-OEI-HA/pDNA polyplexes. It was found that CD44 receptor was highly expressed and localized at the membrane of MDA-MB231 breast cancer cell line, while no CD44 was found at the membrane of MCF-7 epithelial cell line. Compared with PEI (25 kDa) and beta-CD-OEI star polymers, beta-CD-OEI-HA demonstrated significant increased gene transfection efficiency in MDA-MB-231 cells, while such effect was absent in MCF-7 cells. The targeted delivery of wild type p53 gene by beta-CD-OEI-HA in MDA-MB-231 cells resulted in an increased cell cycle arrest at sub-G1 phase. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.