期刊
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IMPACT ENGINEERING
卷 32, 期 12, 页码 1981-1999出版社
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2005.06.004
关键词
fragmentation; impact; thick target cratering; simulation; SEM analysis
Stainless steel (3.18 mm diameter) spherical projectiles impacting 2.5 cm thick targets of nickel, copper, 304 stainless steel, and 70/30 brass at velocities ranging from 0.52 to 5.12 km/s were observed by SEM to form decreasing average fragment sizes with increasing impact velocity, beyond a fragmentation onset velocity of 0.7 km/s. Crater observations by optical microscopy and SEM were qualitatively simulated using an AUTODYN numerical analysis code, which also illustrated a decrease in fragmentation density within the target craters with increasing impact velocity. However, extrapolated simulations corresponding to impact velocities as high as 10 km/s showed residual fragmentation within these craters in contrast to extrapolations of the experimental fragment size versus impact velocity data indicative of zero fragment size at 6 km/s. (C) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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