期刊
ANIMAL FEED SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
卷 166-67, 期 -, 页码 29-45出版社
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2011.04.001
关键词
Beef production systems; Dairy production systems; Greenhouse gas emissions; IPCC; LCA; Systems analysis; Whole farm systems modelling
To comply with the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reporting requirements, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) developed guidelines for calculating national GHG inventories in a consistent and standard framework. Although appropriate for national level accounting purposes, IPCC methodologies lack the farm level resolution and holistic approach required for whole farm systems analysis. Thus, whole farm systems modelling is widely used for farm level analysis. A review of 31 published whole farm modelling studies of GHG emissions from beef and dairy cattle production systems indicated a number of important outcomes. For example, improvements in animal productivity (i.e., liveweight gain milk production) and fertility (i.e., lower culling, lower replacement rates) can reduce GHG emissions/kg product. Additionally, intensification of production as output/ha can reduce emissions/kg product provided input requirements of feed and/or fertilizer are not excessive. Carbon sequestration into agricultural soils has the potential to offset emissions from pastoral based production systems. A product based metric is widely used and allows a wide range of objectives, including farm profitability and food security to be met. Variation in farm system parameters, and the inherent uncertainties associated with emission factors, can have substantial implications for reported agricultural emissions and thus, uncertainty or sensitivity analysis in any modelling approach is needed. Although there is considerable variation among studies in relation to quality of farm data, boundaries assumed, emission factors applied and co-product allocation approach, we suggest that whole farm systems models are an appropriate tool to develop and measure GHG mitigation strategies for livestock farms. This article is part of the special issue entitled: Greenhouse Gases in Animal Agriculture Finding a Balance between Food and Emissions, Guest Edited by TA. McAllister, Section Guest Editors; K.A. Beauchemin, X. Hao, S. McGinn and Editor for Animal Feed Science and Technology. P.H. Robinson. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
作者
我是这篇论文的作者
点击您的名字以认领此论文并将其添加到您的个人资料中。
推荐
暂无数据