Aligned inclusion of n-propionic acid tethering hemicyanine into silica zeolite film for second harmonic generation

Propionic acid tethering hemicyanine dye molecules preferentially enter the channels of silicalite-1 films with the head part first, in water in the presence of tetrabutylammonium hydroxide (this is shown schematically in the figure), giving rise to high-concentration hemi-cyanine-incorporating silicalite films with high second-harmonic-generation efficiency.