Multiphase flow in micro- and nanochannels

Fluids that are of interest in nature, biotechnology and chemistry are rarely either simple single-phase or non-confined (open system) fluids. It is therefore not surprising that recently a surge of interest has arisen in multiphase confined fluid manipulation. This paper aims at reviewing investigations into complex multiphase micro- and nanochannel flows. In the first part, the pumping principles for this type of flow will be discussed. These should be chosen carefully according to two factors: scaling behavior on the micro- and nanoscales and adaptability to multiphase coexistence in the same channel. Subsequently, multiphase fluid flow behavior in micro- and nanochannels is treated, which differs a lot from that in single-phase and non-confined fluidic systems. This behavior will include flow patterns, flow profiles, film flow, corner flow, and slip flow. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.