Recombinant protein Bd37 protected gerbils against heterologous challenges with isolates of Babesia divergens polymorphic for the bd37 gene

The Bd37gene encoding for a glycosyl-phosphaticlyl-inositol anchored protein of Babesia divergens displays genetic polymorphisms among isolates. Five major polymorphic groups (clades) were shown by PCR-RFLP among different B. divergens isolates. Each group has been characterized according to a reference Bd37 gene (Rouen87, W8843, Y5, 6303E and 1705B). Recombinant (GST fusion) protein (Bd37r) expressed from the Bd37 gene, was used as antigen in a saponinbased formulation and was able to protect gerbils, after 2 injections at low dose vaccine concentration (1 mu g per dose), against a virulent challenge with the B. divergens Rouen87 isolate. In spite of polymorphism of Bd37 gene, Bd37r induced complete immunoprotection against challenges with each of the 5 reference isolate groups defined by PCR-RFLP.