Cathodoluminescence and photoluminescence spectroscopies have been performed on hexagonal boron nitride powders. The combination of these techniques allows us to analyze the two observed luminescence bands. A deep-level UV emission at about 4 eV is attributed to defects or impurities, and a near-band-gap UV emission is observed at about 5.5 eV. The deep-level band is composed of four peaks, which are attributed to phonon replica due to localized vibrations. In the near-band-gap region, six components are observed between 5.2 and 5.96 eV, in agreement with the recent experiments performed on h-BN single crystals by Watanabe [Nat. Mater. 3, 404 (2004)], but they are assigned here to Frenkel excitons.
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