期刊
EMBO JOURNAL
卷 26, 期 3, 页码 657-667出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.1038/sj.emboj.7601526
关键词
ATP biosensor; ATP release; hemichannels; neurotransmission; taste cells
资金
- NIDCD NIH HHS [DC03055, R03 DC007984, R01 DC003055, DC07984] Funding Source: Medline
In mammalian taste buds, ionotropic P2X receptors operate in gustatory nerve endings to mediate afferent inputs. Thus, ATP secretion represents a key aspect of taste transduction. Here, we characterized individual vallate taste cells electrophysiologically and assayed their secretion of ATP with a biosensor. Among electrophysiologically distinguishable taste cells, a population was found that released ATP in a manner that was Ca2+ independent but voltage-dependent. Data from physiological and pharmacological experiments suggested that ATP was released from taste cells via specific channels, likely to be connexin or pannexin hemichannels. A small fraction of ATP-secreting taste cells responded to bitter compounds, indicating that they express taste receptors, their G-protein-coupled and downstream transduction elements. Single cell RT-PCR revealed that ATP-secreting taste cells expressed gustducin, TRPM5, PLC beta 2, multiple connexins and pannexin 1. Altogether, our data indicate that tastant-responsive taste cells release the neurotransmitter ATP via a non-exocytotic mechanism dependent upon the generation of an action potential.
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