Multiple histone deacetylases and the CREB-binding protein regulate pre-mRNA 3′-end processing

Trichostatin A (TSA), a specific inhibitor of histone deacetylases (HDACs), induces acetylation of various non-histone proteins such as p53 and alpha-tubulin. We purified several acetylated proteins by the affinity to an anti-acetylated lysine (AcLys) antibody from cells treated with TSA and identified them by mass spectrometry. Here we report on acetylation of CFIm25, a component of mammalian cleavage factor Im (CF Im), and poly(A) polymerase (PAP), a polyadenylating enzyme for the pre-mRNA 3'-end. The residues acetylated in these proteins were mapped onto the regions required for interaction with each other. Whereas CBP acetylated these proteins, HDAC1, HDAC3, HDAC10, SIRT1, and SIRT2 were involved in in vivo deacetylation. Acetylation of the CFIm25 occurred depending on the cleavage factor complex formation. Importantly, the interaction between PAP and CIF Im complex was decreased by acetylation. We also demonstrated that acetylation of PAP inhibited the nuclear localization of PAP by inhibiting the binding to the importin alpha/beta complex. These results suggest that C]BP and HDACs regulate the X-end processing machinery and modulate the localization of PAP through the acetylation and deacetylation cycle.