Quantum boundary layer: a non-uniform density distribution of an ideal gas in thermodynamic equilibrium

Density distribution of an ideal Maxwellian gas confined in a finite domain is not. uniform even in thermodynamic equilibrium. Near to the boundaries, there is a layer in which the density goes to zero. Existence of this boundary layer explains the shape and size dependence of the thermodynamic quantities in nano scale. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.