Anomalous Hall effect and Nernst effect in itinerant ferromagnets

Anomalous Hall effect (AHE) and anomalous Nernst effect (ANE) in many ferromagnetic metals including pure metals, oxides, and calcogenides, are studied to obtain unified understandings of their origins. We show the universal behavior of anomalous Hall conductivity sigma(xy) as a function of longitudinal conductivity sigma(xx) over six orders of magnitude, which is well reproduced by rigorous unified theory assuming both intrinsic and extrinsic contributions to the AHE. ANE is closely related with AHE and gives us further information about the electronic state in the ground state of ferromagnets. The temperature dependence of transverse Peltier coefficient alpha(xy) shows almost similar behavior among various ferromagnets and this behavior is expected from a conventional Boltzmann transport theory. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.