Serum zinc level and coronary heart disease events in patients with type 2 diabetes

OBJECTIVE - Low serum zinc level may predispose nondiabetic subjects to cardiovascular diseases. Our aim was to investigate whether serum zinc level predicts coronary heart disease (CHD) events in subjects with type 2 diabetes RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS - The original study population consisted of 1,059 patients with type 2 diabetes, aged 45-64 years. Mean duration of diabetes was 8 years. Serum zinc values were available from 1,050 subjects. CHD mortality and the incidence of nonfatal myocardial infarction (MI) were assessed in a 7-year follow-up. RESULTS - During the follow-up, 156 patients died from CHD and 254 patients had a fatal or nonfatal MI. Patients with serum zinc concentration <= 14.1 mu mol/l at baseline had a higher risk for death from CHD than patients with serum zinc level > 14.1 mu mol/l (20.8 and 12.8%, respectively; P = 0.001) The risks for fatal or nonfatal MI were 30.5 and 22.0%, respectively (P = 0.005). In Cox regression analyses, low serum zinc concentration was significantly associated with CHD mortality (relative risk [RR] 1.7, P = 0.002) and all CHD events (RR 1.37, P = 0.030), even after adjustment for confounding variables. CONCLUSIONS - In this large cohort of type 2 diabetic patients, low serum zinc level was an independent risk factor for CHD events.