期刊
JOURNAL OF THEORETICAL BIOLOGY
卷 245, 期 3, 页码 411-422出版社
ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2006.10.011
关键词
prisoner's dilemma; evolutionary game theory; adaptive dynamics; evolution of cooperation; byproduct cooperation; byproduct mutualism; division of labor game; tragedy of the commons; cultural evolution; agent-based models; agent-based simulation; complex systems
The classic prisoner's dilemma model of game theory is modified by introducing occasional variations on the options available to players. Mutation and selection of game options reliably change the game matrix, gradually, from a prisoner's dilemma game into a byproduct mutualism one, in which cooperation is stable, and temptation to defect is replaced by temptation to cooperate. This result suggests that when there are many different potential ways of interacting, exploring those possibilities may make escape from prisoner's dilemmas a common outcome in the world. A consequence is that persistent prisoner's dilemma structures may be less common than one might otherwise expect. (c) 2006 Published by Elsevier Ltd.
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