期刊
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
卷 98, 期 15, 页码 -出版社
AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.98.150601
关键词
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The time-reversal symmetry of nonequilibrium fluctuations is experimentally investigated in two out-of-equilibrium systems: namely, a Brownian particle in a trap moving at constant speed and an electric circuit with an imposed mean current. The dynamical randomness of their nonequilibrium fluctuations is characterized in terms of the standard and time-reversed entropies per unit time of dynamical systems theory. We present experimental results showing that their difference equals the thermodynamic entropy production in units of Boltzmann's constant.
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