Sol-gel technology for sensor applications

Sol-gel processes refer to the transition of predefined compositions of inorganic alkoxides precursors from liquid sol phase to solid gel phase. The phenomenon of sol-gel was known to mankind for more than 150 years. It is because of concerted efforts of researchers from multidisciplinary fields, sol-gel science transformed to technology. Several products are already commercially available for applications in optical coatings, nanocomposites, and public healthcare. Potential applications in the areas of biosensors and environmental monitoring are expected. Newer applications with nanotechnology appear too exciting. An attempt has been made to address important applications of sol-gel technology, particularly in sensing techniques from the defence perspective.